The updated CBSE Class 10 Maths Syllabus for 2025-26 is essential for students preparing for board exams. It details the new structure, chapter-wise weightage, and exam format for Standard (Code 041) papers, helping students focus on crucial topics.
Overview
The CBSE Class 10 syllabus includes core subjects such as English, Hindi, Mathematics, Science, and Social Science, which aim to enhance critical thinking, communication, and problem-solving skills.
CBSE Class 10 Maths Syllabus
| Units | Topics |
| I. Number Systems | Real Numbers 1. Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic 2. Proofs of irrationality of √2, 13, √5 |
| II. Algebra | Polynomials: 1. Zeros of a polynomial 2. Relationship between zeros and coefficients Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables: 1. Graphical & algebraic solutions 2. Algebraic conditions for solutions 3. Contextual problems Quadratic Equations: 1. Standard form 2. Solutions by factorization & formula 3. Discriminant & nature of roots 4. Situational problems Arithmetic Progressions: 1. nth term and sum |
| III. Coordinate Geometry | 1. Review of coordinate geometry concepts 2. Distance formula 3. Section formula (internal division) |
| IV. Geometry | Triangles: 1. Similar triangles & their properties Basic Proportionality Theorem Circles: 1. Tangent properties Tangent perpendicularity Lengths of tangents |
| V. Trigonometry | Introduction: 1. Trigonometric ratios 2. Values for standard angles 3. Relations between ratios Identities: 1. sin^2 A + cos^2 A = 1 Heights & Distances: 1. Problems involving angles of elevation/depression |
| VI. Mensuration | Areas Related to Circles: 1. Sectors and segments 2. Perimeter/circumference problems Surface Areas & Volumes: 1. Combinations of cubes, cuboids, spheres, hemispheres, cylinders, cones |
| VII. Statistics & Probability | Statistics: 1. Mean, median, mode (grouped data) Probability: 1. Classical definition 2. Simple probability problems |
CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus
| Unit I: Chemical Substances -Nature and Behaviour | Chemical Reactions and Equations: Chemical reactions, chemical equation, balanced chemical equation Types of chemical reactions: combination, decomposition, displacement, double displacement, precipitation, endothermic and exothermic reactions, oxidation and reduction Acids, Bases and Salts: Definitions (H+ & OH- ions), indicators, chemical properties, uses, neutralisation Concept of pH scale (excluding logarithm), importance of pH, preparation and uses of Sodium Hydroxide, Bleaching powder, Baking soda, Washing soda, Plaster of Paris Metals and Non-metals: Properties, reactivity series, ionic compounds, metallurgical processes, corrosion and prevention Carbon and Its Compounds: Covalent bonds, hydrocarbons (saturated/unsaturated), homologous series, nomenclature (alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, functional groups: halogens, alcohol, ketones, aldehydes) Chemical properties (combustion, oxidation, addition, substitution), ethanol & ethanoic acid (properties, uses), soaps and detergents |
| Unit II: World of Living | Life processes: Living Being, basic concept of nutrition, respiration, transport, and excretion in plants and animals Control and Coordination in Animals and Plants: Tropic movements, plant hormones, animal nervous system (voluntary/involuntary/reflex actions), chemical coordination (animal hormones) Reproduction: Reproduction in animals/plants (asexual/sexual), reproductive health, family planning, safe sex vs HIV/AIDS, childbearing and women’s health Heredity and Evolution: Heredity, Mendel’s laws, inheritance of traits, sex determination, brief introduction |
| Unit III: Natural Phenomena | Reflection of light by curved surfaces: Spherical mirrors, images, centre of curvature, principal axis/focus/length, mirror formula (no derivation), magnification Refraction: Laws, refractive index, refraction by spherical lens, images by lenses, lens formula (no derivation), magnification, power of lens Human eye, defects and corrections, applications of mirrors/lenses Refraction through a prism, dispersion, scattering, and daily life applications (excluding the colour of the sun at sunrise/sunset) |
| Unit IV: Effects of Current | Electric current and circuits: Electric current, potential difference, Ohm’s law, resistance, resistivity, factors affecting resistance, series/parallel combination of resistors and applications Heating effect of electric current, daily life uses, electric power, relation between P, V, I, R Magnetic effects: Magnetic field, field lines, current-carrying conductor/coil/solenoid, force on conductor, Fleming’s Left Hand Rule, DC/AC (frequency, advantages), domestic electric circuits |
| Unit V: Natural Resources | Our environment: – Eco-system, environmental problems, ozone depletion, waste production and solutions, biodegradable/non-biodegradable substances |
CBSE Class 10 English Syllabus
Section A: Reading Skills => Marks – 20
Section B: Writing Skills with Grammar => Marks – 20
Section C: Language through Literature => Marks – 40
Section A: Reading Skills
| Reading Skills | Marks |
| I. Reading Comprehension through Unseen Passage Discursive passage of 400-450 words. Case-based factual passage (with visual input- statistical data, chart, etc.) of 200-250 words. (Total length of two passages to be 600-700 words) Multiple Choice Questions / Objective Type Questions, and Short Answer Questions (to be answered in 30-40 words) will be asked to assess comprehension, interpretation, analysis, inference, evaluation, and vocabulary. | 20 Marks (10+10) |
Section B: Writing Skills with Grammar
| Topics | Types for Questions | Marks |
| Determiners | Gap filling Editing or Omission Transformation exercises | 10 Marks |
| Tenses | ||
| Modals | ||
| Subjects-verb concord | ||
| Reported Speech -Commands and requests -Statements -Questions | ||
| Ten out of 12 questions will have to be attempted | ||
| Writing Skills | Marks |
| Writing a Formal Letter based on a given situation, in 100-120 words. One out of two questions is to be answered. | 5 marks |
| Writing an Analytical Paragraph in 100-120 words on a given Map/Chart/Graph/Cue/s. One out of two questions is to be answered. | 5 marks |
Section C: Language through Literature
| Language through Literature | Marks |
| Reference to the Context One extract out of two from Drama / Prose. One extract out of two from poetry. Multiple Choice Questions / Objective Type Questions Very Short Answer Questions (one word/ One sentence), Short Answer Questions (to be answered in 30-40 words) will be asked to assess inference, analysis, interpretation, evaluation, and vocabulary | (5+5 = 10 Marks) |
| Four out of Five Short Answer Type Questions are to be answered in 40-50 words from the book FIRST FLIGHT to assess interpretation, analysis, inference, and evaluation. | 4×3=12 Marks |
| Two out of Three Short Answer Type Questions to be answered in 40-50 words from the book FOOTPRINTS WITHOUT FEET to assess interpretation, analysis, inference, and evaluation. | 3×2=6 Marks |
| One out of two Long Answer Type Questions from FIRST FLIGHT are to be answered in about 100-120 words to assess creativity, imagination, and extrapolation beyond the text and across the text. This can also be a passage-based question taken from a situation/plot from the text. | 6 Marks |
| One out of two Long Answer Type Questions from FOOTPRINTS WITHOUT FEET, on theme or plot involving interpretation, extrapolation beyond the text, and inference or character sketch to be answered in about 100-120 words. | 6 Marks |
CBSE Class 10 Hindi A Syllabus
खंड क: अपठित बोध => Marks-14
खंड ख: व्यावहारिक व्याकरण => Marks-16
खंड ग: पाठ्यपुस्तक एवं पूरक पाठ्यपुस्तक =>Marks-30
खंड घ: रचनात्मक लेखन => 20
खंड क: अपठित बोध
| S.No. | Topic | Marks |
| 1. | Unseen Passage and Poem – comprehension, reflection, analysis, appreciation, etc. based on multiple-choice, very short answer, and short answer questions | |
| (i) | One unseen passage of approximately 250 words with three 1-mark multiple-choice questions, two 2-mark very short answer questions, and two 2-mark short answer questions | 7 Marks |
| (ii) | One unseen poem of approximately 120 words with three 1-mark multiple-choice questions, two 2-mark very short answer questions, and two 2-mark short answer questions | 7 Marks |
खंड ख: व्यावहारिक व्याकरण
| S.No. | Topic | Marks |
| 1. | Topic/Content Marks 16 Grammar-based on topics like sentence correction, word formation, etc. through multiple-choice, very short answer, and short answer questions | 16 |
खंड ग: पाठ्यपुस्तक एवं पूरक पाठ्यपुस्तक
| S.No. | Topic | Marks |
| A | Prose Section (Kshitij Part 2) | |
| (i) | Knowledge, comprehension, and expression based on the prescribed lessons with five 1-mark multiple-choice questions | 5 |
| (ii) | Knowledge, comprehension, and expression based on the prescribed lessons with three questions (25-30 words limit), out of four questions | 6 |
| B | Poetry Section (Kshitij Part 2) | |
| (i) | Based on the prescribed poems with five 1-mark multiple-choice questions | 5 |
| (ii) | Knowledge, comprehension, and expression based on the prescribed poems with three questions (25-30 words limit), out of four questions | 6 |
| C | Supplementary Reader (Kritika Part 2) | |
| (i) | Two questions based on the prescribed lessons (40-60 words limit), out of three questions | 8 |
खंड घ: रचनात्मक लेखन
| S.No. | Topic | Marks |
| i | Ability to express ideas logically and coherently based on given topics, events, or situations in approximately 120 words (e.g., essays, articles, etc.) | 6 |
| ii | Ability to express opinions on formal or informal topics in approximately 100 words (e.g., letters) | 5 |
| iii | Writing based on personal experiences or day-to-day events in approximately 80 words (e.g., diary entry, emails) | 5 |
| iv | Short writing tasks related to a topic in approximately 40 words (e.g., messages, notices) | 4 |
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CBSE Class 10 Social Science Syllabus
History: India and the Contemporary World -II => Marks-20
Geography: Contemporary India – II => Marks-20
Political Science: Democratic Politics – II =>Marks-20
Economics: Understanding Economic Development =>Marks-20
History: India and the Contemporary World -II
| Section | S. No. | Chapter name | Marks |
| Events and processes | 1. | The Rise of Nationalism in Europe | 18 + 2 amp pointing |
| Livelihoods, Economies and Societies | 2. | Nationalism In India | |
| 3. | The Making of a Global World (To be evaluated in the Board Examination -Subtopics:1 to 1.3 Pre Modern World to Conquest, Disease and Trade) | ||
| Interdisciplinary project as part of multiple assessments (Internally assessed for 5 marks Sub-topics 2 to 4.4 The nineteenth century (1815-1914) to the end of Bretton Woods & the beginning of “Globalisation.” | |||
| 4. | The Age of Industrialization (To be assessed as part of Periodic Assessments only) | ||
| Everyday Life, Culture and Politics | 5. | Print Culture and the Modern World |
Geography: Contemporary India – II
Political Science: Democratic Politics – II
| S. No. | Chapter Name | Marks |
| 1. | Resources and Development | 17 + 3 map pointing |
| 2. | Forest and Wildlife Resources | |
| 3. | Water Resources | |
| 4. | Agriculture | |
| 5. | Minerals and Energy Resources | |
| 6. | Manufacturing Industries | |
| 7. | Lifelines of the National Economy Only map pointing to be evaluated in the Board Examination | |
| Interdisciplinary project as part of multiple assessments (Internally assessed for 5 marks) |
| Unit | Chapter Name | Marks |
| 1. | Power – sharing Federalism | 20 |
| 2. | Gender, Religion, and Caste | |
| 3. | Political Parties | |
| 4. | Outcomes of Democracy |
Economics: Understanding Economic Development
| Unit | Chapter Name | Marks |
| 1. | Development | 20 |
| 2. | Sectors of the Indian Economy | |
| 3. | Money and Credit | |
| 4. | Globalisation and The Indian Economy To be evaluated in the Board Examination: What is Globalization? Factors that have enabled Globalisation | |
| Interdisciplinary project as part of multiple assessments (Internally assessed for 5 marks) Production across the countries. Chinese toys in India World Trade Organisation The Struggle for a Fair Globalisation | ||
| 5. | Project Work: Consumer Rights |